In recent years, weight loss medications have gained significant traction as tools for supporting weight management, with an ever-growing list of options. Thanks to increased awareness and social media exposure, more people are interested in medications like Ozempic, Wegovy, and other similar drugs. What exactly are these medications, how do they work, and what should you know if you’re considering them? Here’s a breakdown based on insights from Sarah Bush Lincoln weight management specialist Andrew McDevitt, APRN, who recently shared his expertise on the Health Styles podcast.

Understanding GLP-1 Agonists and Their Rise in Popularity

Many of the new weight loss medications fall into a class known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, originally developed to treat type 2 diabetes. These include:

• Victoza (liraglutide): Released in 2010 for type 2 diabetes.
• Trulicity (dulaglutide): Launched in 2014 for similar use.
• Ozempic (semaglutide): Available since 2017, now widely known for its off-label weight loss benefits.

These drugs work by mimicking GLP-1, a hormone that regulates appetite and insulin release, which explains their effectiveness in diabetes management and, as a secondary effect, in weight loss. With success in diabetic patients, manufacturers began testing these drugs specifically for weight loss in non-diabetic individuals, leading to the release of medications like Wegovy and Saxenda for weight management.

How Do These Medications Aid Weight Loss?

GLP-1 medications help in two key ways:

1. Delayed Gastric Emptying: They slow down the process by which food leaves the stomach, making you feel fuller for longer periods and reducing the desire to eat frequently.
2. Reduced Appetite and Cravings: By acting on the brain’s appetite center, these drugs help lessen food cravings, commonly referred to as “food noise.”

This combination can make it easier to adopt healthier eating habits, promoting weight loss over time. However, these medications are intended as aids, not magic solutions. They work best when combined with lifestyle changes like healthy eating and exercise.

Side Effects and Considerations

As with any medication, there are potential side effects. Some common, manageable side effects include:

• Nausea and upset stomach: Often due to delayed gastric emptying.
• Constipation or diarrhea: Can be influenced by diet, especially if high-fat foods are consumed while on the medication.

More severe considerations include a history of pancreatitis or a family history of medullary thyroid cancer, which may make certain GLP-1 medications unsuitable. It’s also important to avoid overeating while on these medications, as the delayed gastric emptying can lead to bloating and discomfort if meals are too large or consumed quickly.

The Compounded Medications Landscape

With the popularity of these medications skyrocketing, compounded versions have appeared on the market, especially during periods of drug shortages. These compounded drugs are mixed by specialized pharmacies and marketed as having the same active ingredients. However, McDevitt advises caution as the efficacy and regulation of these compounded options can vary, and they might not offer the same support structure that a licensed provider would offer.

Are Weight Loss Medications Right for You?

Weight loss medications like GLP-1 agonists can be effective for those who struggle to lose weight through traditional methods alone. They are typically most successful when combined with a comprehensive weight management program that includes dietary changes, exercise, and lifestyle support. These medications are also long-term tools, often prescribed with the expectation that patients will continue taking them to maintain results. The Medical Weight Management Program at Sarah Bush Lincoln offers a range of services to people looking to lose weight and gain control of their health.

Final Thoughts

Weight loss medications are transforming the field of medical weight management, offering new options for those seeking support in their weight loss journey. For anyone considering these options, working with a healthcare provider experienced in weight management can provide valuable guidance, helping you to navigate side effects, ensure safe use, and integrate lifestyle modifications to achieve the best possible outcomes.